Cephaloptera - définition. Qu'est-ce que Cephaloptera
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Qu'est-ce (qui) est Cephaloptera - définition

GENUS OF FISHES
Manta Ray; Manta rays; Manta (genus); Cephaloptera; Manta-ray; Atlantic manta; Pacific manta; Manta Rays; Pacific manta ray
  • Dead mantas ashore in [[Senegal]]
  • ''M. birostris'' foraging with mouth opened wide and cephalic fins spread
  • ''M. alfredi'' at a coral reef cleaning station with fish picking off parasites
  • ''M. alfredi'' group in the [[Maldives]]
  • ''M. birostris'' at Hin Daeng, near [[Phi Phi Islands]], [[Thailand]]
  • Dorsal view of ''M. birostris'' showing shoulder markings
  • ''Manta alfredi'' at [[Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium]]

Cephaloptera         
·noun One of the generic names of the gigantic ray (Manta birostris), known as devilfish and sea devil. It is common on the coasts of South Carolina, Florida, and farther south. Some of them grow to enormous size, becoming twenty feet of more across the body, and weighing more than a ton.

Wikipédia

Manta ray

Manta rays are large rays belonging to the genus Mobula (formerly its own genus Manta). The larger species, M. birostris, reaches 7 m (23 ft) in width, while the smaller, M. alfredi, reaches 5.5 m (18 ft). Both have triangular pectoral fins, horn-shaped cephalic fins and large, forward-facing mouths. They are classified among the Myliobatiformes (stingrays and relatives) and are placed in the family Myliobatidae (eagle rays). They have the largest brains and brain to body ratio of all fish, and can pass the mirror test.

Mantas are found in warm temperate, subtropical and tropical waters. Both species are pelagic; M. birostris migrates across open oceans, singly or in groups, while M. alfredi tends to be resident and coastal. They are filter feeders and eat large quantities of zooplankton, which they gather with their open mouths as they swim. However, research suggests that the majority of their diet (73%) actually comes from mesopelagic sources. Gestation lasts over a year and mantas give birth to live pups. Mantas may visit cleaning stations for the removal of parasites. Like whales, they breach for unknown reasons.

Both species are listed as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Anthropogenic threats include pollution, entanglement in fishing nets, and direct harvesting of their gill rakers for use in Chinese medicine. Their slow reproductive rate exacerbates these threats. They are protected in international waters by the Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals, but are more vulnerable closer to shore. Areas where mantas congregate are popular with tourists. Only a few public aquariums are large enough to house them.